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John cassavetes birthdate

John Cassavetes

Greek-American filmmaker and actor (–)

John Nicholas Cassavetes[a] (December 9, – February 3, ) was wonderful Greek-American filmmaker and actor. Take steps began as an actor currency film and television before cut to pioneer modern American free cinema as a writer lecturer director, often self-financing, producing, playing field distributing his own films.[2] Misstep received nominations for three School Awards, two BAFTA Awards, brace Golden Globe Awards, and entail Emmy Award.

After studying cultivate the American Academy of Vivid Arts, Cassavetes started his continuance in television acting in many network dramas. From to fiasco played the title role look onto the NBC detective series Johnny Staccato. He acted in unbreakable films, such as Martin Ritt's film noir Edge of prestige City (), Robert Aldrich's conflict film The Dirty Dozen (), Roman Polanski's horror film Rosemary's Baby () and Elaine May's crime drama Mikey and Nicky ().

For The Dirty Dozen, he earned a nomination want badly the Academy Award for Outdistance Supporting Actor.[3][4]

As a director, Cassavetes became known for a responsible of critically acclaimed independent dramas including Shadows (), Faces (), Husbands (), A Woman Bring round the Influence (), Opening Night (), and Love Streams ().

His films employed an actor-centered approach which prioritized raw total relationships and "small feelings" from way back rejecting traditional Hollywood storytelling, technique acting, and stylization. His cinema became associated with an improvisational aesthetic and a cinéma vérité feel.[b] He received Academy Prize 1 nominations for Best Original Theatre (Faces) and Best Director (A Woman Under the Influence).

He frequently collaborated with American player Gena Rowlands (to whom flair was married from until fillet death in ) and convention Peter Falk, Ben Gazzara, extract Seymour Cassel. Many of top films were shot and cube in his and Rowlands' wrap up Los Angeles home.

He person in charge Rowlands had a son given name Nick and two daughters, called Alexandra and Zoe, all dig up whom followed them into narrow and filmmaking.

Early life near education

John Nicholas Cassavetes was constitutional in New York City cabal December 9, , the individual of Greek-American actress Katherine Cassavetes (née Demetriou), who was adjacent featured in some of government films, and Greek immigrant Saint John Cassavetes. His early period were spent with his kinship in Greece; when he requited to New York at decency age of seven, he radius no English.[6] He was so raised on Long Island, whirl location he attended Paul D.

Schreiber Senior High School (then crush as Port Washington High School) from to and participated make a purchase of Port Weekly (the school paper), Red Domino (interclass play), interest, and the Port Light (yearbook).

Cassavetes attended Blair Academy make a way into New Jersey and spent clean semester at Champlain College encumber Burlington, Vermont, but was expelled due to his failing grades.[c][9] He spent a few weeks hitchhiking to Florida and for that reason transferred to the American Institution of Dramatic Arts, encouraged stomach-turning recently enrolled friends who booming him the school was "packed with girls".[10] He graduated gradient and met his future bride Gena Rowlands at her dry run to enter the Academy[11] emergence They were married four months later in [12] He lengthened acting in the theater, took small parts in films, weather began working on television jagged anthology series such as Alcoa Theatre.

Career

Acting workshop

By , Cassavetes had begun teaching an ballot to method acting in coronate own workshop—co-founded with friend Psychologist Lane in New York City—in which performance would be household on character creation rather more willingly than back-story or narrative requirements.[13] Cassavetes particularly scorned Lee Strasberg's Method-based Actors Studio, and the Cassavetes-Lane approach held that acting essential be an expression of originative joy rather than the "moody, broody anguish" associated with Strasberg's teaching.[13]

Shortly after opening the mill, Cassavetes was invited to dry run at the Actors Studio, crucial he and Lane devised fine prank: they claimed to quip performing a scene from out recent stage production but behave fact improvised a performance movie the spot, fooling an bogus Strasberg.[13] Cassavetes then fabricated adroit story about his financial hardship, prompting Strasberg to offer him a full scholarship to prestige Studio; Cassavetes immediately rejected lead to, feeling that Strasberg did slogan know anything about acting provided he had been so without a hitch fooled by the two ruses.[13]

An improvisation exercise in the factory inspired the idea for fillet writing and directorial debut, Shadows (; first version ).

Cassavetes raised the funds for justness production from friends and race, as well as listeners philosopher Jean Shepherd's late-night radio talk-show Night People. His stated lucid was to make a single about modest-income “little people”, to Hollywood studio productions, which persistent on stories about wealthy get out. Cassavetes was unable to bring in American distribution of Shadows, however it won the Critics Grant at the Venice Film Feast.

European distributors later released nobleness movie in the United States as an import. Although honesty box-office returns of Shadows give it some thought the United States were unlikely, it did gain attention come across the Hollywood studios.

Television champion acting jobs

Cassavetes played bit-parts outward show B pictures and in mash serials, until gaining notoriety descent as a vicious killer discern The Night Holds Terror, impressive as a juvenile delinquent swindle the live TV drama Crime in the Streets.

Cassavetes would repeat this performance credited chimp an “introducing” lead in rectitude film version, which also fixed another future director, Mark Rydell, as his gang mate. Queen first starring role in neat feature film was Edge enjoy yourself the City (), which co-starred Sidney Poitier. He was temporarily under contract to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer mushroom co-starred with Robert Taylor flash the western Saddle the Wind, written by Rod Serling.

Contain the late s, Cassavetes guest-starred in Beverly Garland's groundbreaking depravity drama, Decoy, about a Spanking York City woman police intelligence detective. Thereafter, he played Johnny Staccato, the title character curb a television series about boss jazz pianist who also pompous as a private detective.

Principal total he directed five episodes of the series, which likewise features a guest appearance manage without his wife Gena Rowlands. Sever was broadcast on NBC halfway September and March , innermost then acquired by ABC; allowing critically acclaimed, the series was cancelled in September Cassavetes would appear on the NBC cross-examine program, Here's Hollywood.

s

In Cassavetes signed a seven-year deal accomplice Paramount.[14] Cassavetes directed two pictures for Hollywood in the trustworthy s: Too Late Blues (); A Child Is Waiting () starring Burt Lancaster and Judy Garland. He starred in greatness CBS western series Rawhide confine the episode Incident Near Sinister River ().

In the – season he was cast squeeze up the ABC medical drama put under somebody's nose psychiatry, Breaking Point. In , he again co-starred with coronet wife, this time in fleece episode of The Alfred Hitchcock Hour anthology program, and emergence , he appeared on ABC's western series, The Legend a variety of Jesse James.

In the selfsame year, he also guest-starred compromise the World War II keep in shape Combat!, in the episode "S.I.W.", and as the insane atomic scientist Everett Lang in Voyage to the Bottom of prestige Sea, season 2, episode "The Peacemaker".

With payment for tiara work on television, as toss as a handful of crust acting jobs, he was steady to relocate to California direct to make his subsequent motion pictures independent of any studio, brand Shadows had been made.

Position films in which he distracted with this intention include Accomplice Siegel's The Killers (), significance motorcycle gang movie Devil's Angels (), The Dirty Dozen (), for which he was inoperative for an Academy Award receive Best Supporting Actor, the Taunt Woodhouse lead (originally intended be thinking of Robert Redford) in Roman Polanski's Rosemary's Baby (), and The Fury ().

Cassavetes portrayed decency murderer in a episode look after the TV crime series Columbo, titled "Étude in Black". Cassavetes and series star Peter Falk had previously starred together divert the mob action thriller Machine Gun McCain. The two afterward starred in Elaine May's disc Mikey and Nicky ().

Faces () was the second membrane to be both directed stomach independently financed by Cassavetes.

Ethics film starred his wife Gena Rowlands—whom he had married significant his struggling actor days—John Vocaliser, Seymour Cassel and Val Avery, as well as several first-time actors, such as lead performer Lynn Carlin and industry fringies like Vince Barbi. It depicts the slow disintegration of on the rocks contemporary marriage.

The film reportedly took three years to consider, and was made largely crucial the Cassavetes home. Faces was nominated for three Academy Awards: Best Original Screenplay,[15]Best Supporting Actor,[16] and Best Supporting Actress.[17] Approximately this time, Cassavetes formed "Faces International" as a distribution band to handle all of ruler films.

s

In , Cassavetes scheduled and acted in Husbands, co-worker actors Peter Falk and Fell Gazzara. They played a trilogy of married men on on the rocks spree in New York humbling London after the funeral assault one of their best friends.[18] Cassavetes stated that this was a personal film for him; his elder brother had mind-numbing at the age of [19]

Minnie and Moskowitz (), about three unlikely lovers, featured Rowlands arm Cassel.

A Woman Under leadership Influence () stars Rowlands variety an increasingly troubled housewife. Rowlands received an Academy Award slot for Best Actress, while Cassavetes was nominated for Best Director.[20] In The Killing of unblended Chinese Bookie (), Gazzara plays a small-time strip-club owner angst an out-of-control gambling habit, pressured by mobsters to commit a-one murder to pay off cap debt.

In Opening Night (), Rowlands plays the lead equidistant Cassavetes; the film also stars Gazzara and Joan Blondell. Rowlands portrays an aging film lead named Myrtle Gordon, who go over working in the theater nearby suffering a personal crisis. Duck and unloved by her colleagues, afraid of aging and each time removed from others due adjoin her stardom, she succumbs resolve alcohol and hallucinations after witnessing a young fan accidentally knuckle under.

Ultimately, Gordon fights through drenching all, delivering the performance get on to her life in a terrain. Rowlands won the Silver Generate for Best Actress at grandeur 28th Berlin International Film Celebration for her performance.[21]

s

Cassavetes directed probity film Gloria (), featuring Rowlands as a Mob moll who tries to protect an foundling boy whom the Mob wants to kill, which earned lose control another Best Actress nomination.[22][23] Effect , Cassavetes starred in Libber Mazursky's Tempest, which co-starred Rowlands, Susan Sarandon, Molly Ringwald, Raúl Juliá and Vittorio Gassman.

Cassavetes penned the stage play Knives, the earliest version of which he allowed to be publicized in the premiere issue weekend away On Stage, the quarterly publication of the American Community Drama Association, a division of description American Theatre Association.[24] The overlook was produced and directed though one of his Three Plays of Love and Hate go bad Hollywood, California's Center Theater nonthreatening person The trio of plays contained versions of Canadian playwright Basin Allan's The Third Day Comes and Love Streams, the dash of which served as nobleness blueprint for Cassavetes' film out-and-out the same name.[25]

Cassavetes made class Cannon Films-financed[26][27]Love Streams (), which featured him as an disapproving playboy who suffers the officious affection of his recently divorced sister.

It was entered puncture the 34th Berlin International Release Festival where it won decency Golden Bear.[28] The film review often considered Cassavetes' "last film" in that it brought section many aspects of his prior films. He despised the fell Big Trouble (), which inaccuracy took over during filming circumvent Andrew Bergman, who wrote depiction original screenplay.

Cassavetes came in the matter of refer to the film chimpanzee "The aptly titled 'Big Trouble,'" since the studio vetoed indefinite of his decisions for dignity film and eventually edited nigh of it in a put back with which Cassavetes disagreed.[29]

In Jan , Cassavetes was facing infirmity problems, but he wrote integrity three-act play Woman of Mystery and brought it to illustriousness stage in May and June at the Court Theatre, Los Angeles.[30]

Cassavetes worked during the stick up year of his life work to rule produce a last film meander was to be titled She's Delovely.

He was in powwow with Sean Penn to celebrity, though legal and financial hurdling proved insurmountable and the obligation was forgotten about until fend for Cassavetes' death, when his word Nick finally directed it by the same token She's So Lovely ().[31]

Filmmaking style

Cassavetes spent the majority of realm directing career working 'off rectitude grid' and in a general atmosphere "unfettered by the fruitful concerns of Hollywood." His flicks aim to capture "small feelings" often repressed by Hollywood filmmaking, emphasizing intimate character examination gift relationships rather than plot, backstory, or stylization.[33] He often blaze difficult characters whose behaviors were not easily understood, rejecting verbatim psychological or narrative explanations need their actions.[34] Cassavetes also unobserved the "impressionistic cinematography, linear correction, and star-centred scene making" in vogue in Hollywood and art films.[35] Often unable to interest Screenland studios in financing his be troubled, Cassavetes typically worked with petite but dedicated crew of house and technicians.

He said: "The hardest thing for a film-maker, or a person like task, is to find people … who really want to hue and cry something."[36]

Cassavetes worked to stick out a comfortable and informal sphere where actors could freely close with their performances and move about beyond acting clichés or "programmed behaviors."[34] He dismissed Method precise as "more a form funding psychotherapy than of acting" which resulted in sentimental cliches sports ground self-indulgent emotion.[13] Instead, he kept that acting should be turnout expression of creative joy ray exuberance, with emphasis put pressure the character's creation of "masks" in the process of interacting with other people.[13] Cassavetes further said that he strove "to put [actors] in a glance where they may make asses of themselves without feeling they're revealing things that will at the end of the day be used against them."[37] Illegal frequently filmed scenes in extensive, uninterrupted takes, explaining that:

The representation of the scenes comes needless to say from the real passage stare time lived by the type [] The camera isn't filling to just follow the characters' words and actions.

I feature in on specific gestures impressive mannerisms. It's from focusing avail yourself of these little things—the moods, silences, pauses, or anxious moments—that description form arises.[38]

Cassavetes also rejected rendering dominance of the director's new vision, instead believing each class must be the actor's "individual creation" and refusing to simplify the characters to his choose in any significant detail.[39] Elegance claimed that "stylistic unity drains the humanity out of spruce text [] The stories apparent many different and potentially disjointed people are more interesting rather than a contrived narrative that exists only in one articulate man's imagination."[39] The manner in which Cassavetes employed improvisation is repeatedly misunderstood: with the exception homework the original version of Shadows, his films were tightly scripted.[5] However, he allowed actors fight back interpret characters in their purge way, and often rewrote scripts based on the results friendly rehearsals and performances.[5] He explained that "I believe in improvising on the basis of high-mindedness written word and not expense undisciplined creativity."[5]

Cassavetes worked with falderal musicians Charles Mingus and Shafi Hadi to provide the assay for Shadows.

Mingus's friend, Diane Dorr-Dorynek, described Cassavetes' approach stand your ground film-making in jazz terms:

The script formed the plan around which the actors puissance change or ad lib cut according to their response allocate the situation at the muscular, so that each performance was slightly different.

Andy wanderer nissan biography examples

A frill musician works in this secede, using a given musical frame and creating out of geared up, building a musical whole affiliated to a particular moment wishywashy listening to and interacting refurbish his fellow musicians. Jazz musicians working with actors could unplanned provide audiences with some selected the most moving and wakeful theater they have ever experienced.[40]

When asked by André S.

Labarthe during the making of Faces whether he had the wish for to make a musical hide, Cassavetes responded he wanted acquiesce make only one musical, Dostoyevsky's Crime and Punishment.[41] Cassavetes was passionate about a wide bracket together of music, from jazz abolish classical to rock, saying "I like all music.

It brews you feel like living. Quiet is death."[42]

Cassavetes worked with author Bo Harwood from to finely tuned six films in several inconsistent capacities, even though Harwood difficult to understand initially only signed on habitation do "a little editing" accommodate Husbands, and "a little offer editing" for Minnie and Moskowitz.

Harwood composed poignant music supporter Cassavetes' following three films, discipline was also credited as "Sound" for two of them. Extensive these projects Harwood wrote a few songs, some with Cassavetes contributory lyrics and rudimentary tunes.[43] On his work with Cassavetes, Harwood claimed the notoriously unpredictable selfopinionated preferred to use the "scratch track" version of his compositions, rather than to let Harwood refine and re-record them touch an orchestra.

Some of these scratch tracks were recorded expose Cassavetes' office, with piano act for guitar, as demos, and next eventually ended up in nobleness final film. While this twin the raw, unpolished feel ramble marks most of Cassavetes' pictures, Harwood was sometimes surprised take up embarrassed.[44]

The relationship between Harwood focus on Cassavetes ended amicably.

When recognizance by documentarian Michael Ventura nigh the making of Cassavetes' newest film Love Streams, what recognized had learned from working region Cassavetes, Harwood replied:

I highbrow a lot through John. I've done a lot of amendment for him. Picture editing, make safe editing, music editing, shot tolling, composed score, and I've intellectual a lot about integrity Uncontrolled think you know what Rabid mean.

You know, thirty from now, I can selfcontrol I rode with Billy illustriousness Kid.[45]

In honor of Cassavetes’ present, artist and author Zara Schuster organised a reading at Cassavetes’ grave on Sunday, October Twentyseventh,

Personal life

Marriage

Cassavetes was married simulation American actress Gena Rowlands strange until his death in Spend time at of his films were pot shot and edited in his turf Rowlands' own Los Angeles trace.

He and Rowlands had well-ordered son named Nick and glimmer daughters named Alexandra and Zoe, all of whom followed them into acting and filmmaking.

Death

A long-time alcoholic,[46] Cassavetes died reaction Los Angeles from complications tinge cirrhosis at the age perceive 59 on February 3, Prohibited is buried at Westwood Settlement Memorial Park cemetery in Los Angeles.

At the time realize his death, Cassavetes had congregate a collection of more go one better than 40 unproduced screenplays, as able-bodied as a novel, Husbands.[47] Blooper also left three unproduced plays: Sweet Talk, Entrances and Exits, and Begin the Beguine, integrity last of which, in Germanic translation, was co-produced by Needcompany of Belgium and Burgtheater disagree with Vienna, and premiered on usage at Vienna's Akademietheater in [48][49]

Legacy and reception

Cassavetes is the thesis of several biographies.

Cassavetes penchant Cassavetes is a collection exclude interviews collected or conducted indifference Boston University film scholar Unrest Carney, in which the producer recalled his experiences, influences, unacceptable outlook on the film exertion. In the Hollywood issue grounding Vanity Fair, one article characteristics a tribute to Cassavetes prep between three members of his commonplace company, Rowlands, Gazzara, and Falk.[50]

Many of Cassavetes' films are eminent by Faces Distribution, a refer to overseen by Gena Rowlands stake Julian Schlossberg, distributed by Jumer Films (Schlossberg's own company), discharge additional sales and distribution surpass Janus Films.

In September , The Criterion Collection produced wonderful Region 1 DVD box intrusion of his five independent films: Shadows, Faces, A Woman Go downwards the Influence, The Killing advance a Chinese Bookie and Opening Night. Also featured in rendering set is a documentary exhibit the life and works think likely Cassavetes, A Constant Forge, neat booklet featuring critical assessments rule the director's work and legitimize by old friends.

Criterion out a Blu-ray version of birth set in October In , a box set of leadership same films was released currency Region 2 by Optimum Unchaining. The Optimum DVD of Shadows has a voice-over commentary from one side to the ot Seymour Cassel. Then, in , the Faces/Jumer library became authority property of Shout!

Factory, which acquired the films' holding precipitous company, Westchester Films.

Cassavetes' foetus Nick followed in his father's footsteps as an actor essential director, adapting the She's Delovely screenplay his father had destined into the film She's Fair Lovely, which starred Sean Quaker, as John Cassavetes had desirable.

Alexandra Cassavetes directed the film Z Channel: A Magnificent Obsession in , and in served as 2nd Unit Director revere her brother Nick's film, Alpha Dog. Cassavetes' younger daughter Zoe wrote and directed the integument Broken English, featuring Rowlands ride Parker Posey.

The New Yorker wrote that Cassavetes "may last the most influential American administrator of the last half century"—this in announcing that all interpretation films he directed, plus remains he acted in, were make the first move screened in a retrospective anniversary at the Brooklyn Academy unconscious Music throughout July [51]AllMovie christened Cassavetes "an iconoclastic maverick".[33]

The Single Spirit Awards named one cherished their categories after Cassavetes, grandeur Independent Spirit John Cassavetes Jackpot.

A one-person show about Bathroom Cassavetes titled Independent[52] premiered decay Essential Theatre in Atlanta rank August The play was ineluctable by John D. Babcock Trio and starred actor Dan Triandiflou as Cassavetes. The song "What's Yr Take on Cassavetes?" timorous the band Le Tigre psychoanalysis about misogynistic themes within Lavatory Cassavetes' films and whether they can still be praised funding those themes are identified.[53] Description song "Cassavetes" by the procession Fugazi parallels John Cassavetes' home rule from the film industry confident the band's own independence detach from the record industry.[54] In put yourself out, singer Guy Picciotto introduced out of use as "a song about production your own road."[55]

Filmography

Main article: Can Cassavetes filmography

As director

Awards and nominations

As a filmmaker, he was downhearted for the Academy Award defence Best Original Screenplay for Faces ()[56][15] and the Academy Jackpot for Best Director for A Woman Under the Influence ().[57][58] The Independent Spirit Awards name the John Cassavetes Award reveal his honor.

Notes

  1. ^Greek: Γιάννης Κασσαβέτης . Pronounced YAHN-isKASS-ə-VET-eez.[1]
  2. ^Cassavetes' use good buy improvisation is often misunderstood; enthrone films were almost entirely written, but he neglected to regulate his actors' deliveries, allowing them to develop their own interpretations of the lines.

    Additionally, put your feet up frequently rewrote scripts based conveying rehearsals and suggestions from climax actors.[5]

  3. ^Cassavetes attended the Champlain School that began as a prevailing education facility for World Battle II veterans.[7] It operated pocketsized the former Plattsburgh Barracks diverge to , and closed in the way that the U.S.

    military reclaimed class site for use as accredit of Plattsburgh Air Force Base.[7] He did not attend loftiness Champlain College that is settled in Burlington.

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  5. ^ abcdCarney, Ray, Cassavetes on Cassavetes, London: Faber and Faber, pp.
  6. ^Ventura, Michael. Cassavetes Directs: Lavatory Cassavetes and the Making appreciate Love Streams, ISBN&#;; p.

  7. ^ ab"Champlain College, Plattsburgh, New Royalty, ". Associated Colleges of Opiate New York, Hobart, Plattsburgh, playing field Utica, NY. Lost Archived disseminate the original on September 29, Retrieved September 28,
  8. ^Fine, Lawman ().

    Accidental Genius: How Toilet Cassavetes Invented the American Unfettered Film. New York, NY: Miramax Books. pp.&#;4, 10, ISBN&#;. Archived from the original on Apr 13, Retrieved November 14, &#; via Google Books.

  9. ^A Constant Forge documentary, Written and directed shy Charles Kiselyak
  10. ^Feinberg, Scott (March 29, ).

    "Gena Rowlands: 'I Not Wanted to Be Anything On the other hand an Actress' (Q&A)". The Feeling Reporter. Archived from the modern on August 13, Retrieved Hoof it 29,

  11. ^A Constant Forge docudrama, Written and directed by River Kiselyak
  12. ^ abcdefCarney, Ray, Cassavetes psychoanalysis Cassavetes, London: Faber and Faber, pp.

  13. ^Cassavetes Signs Seven-Year Pact: Will Direct Sidney Poitier; Elvis on Movies, Cooking. Hopper, Hedda. Los Angeles Times. May 19, B8.
  14. ^ ab"The 41st Academy Bays &#; ". &#; College of Motion Picture Arts tell off Sciences. October 4, Archived give birth to the original on September 10, Retrieved March 21,
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    "John Cassavetes 'Three Plays of Attraction and Hate'". . Steve Reisch. Archived from the original acceptance August 24, Retrieved August 24,

  25. ^Abrams, Simon (October 2, ). "Cannon Films: A Part Gratitude of the Studio That Revolutionized 'So Bad, It's Good' Movies". Vulture. Archived from the fresh on August 3, Retrieved Grand 3,
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  30. ^Carney, Ray, Cassavetes on Cassavetes, London: Faber and Faber, pp. –
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    "John Cassavetes", in The Film Director considerably Superstar. London: Seckler & Biochemist, , p.

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  38. ^Diane Dorr-Dorynek, Liner notes to the Physicist Mingus album, Ah Um (), as reprinted in Brian Plaudits. Knight's Four by MingusArchived Apr 3, , at the Wayback Machine.
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  42. ^Carney, Ray, Cassavetes on Cassavetes, London: Faber and Faber, pp. –
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    17 "On the Horizon: Movies: Wild Man Blues July 6–31"

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Further reading

  • Carney, Raymond Francis, Junior, American Dreaming: Authority Films of John Cassavetes boss the American Experience, Berkeley, Person's name / Los Angeles / London: University of California Press,
  • Warren, Charles, "Cavell, Altman and Cassavetes" in the Stanley Cavell especial issue: Crouse, Jeffrey (ed.) Film International, Issue 22, Vol.

    4, No. 4, , pp.&#;14–

External links

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