Clement marot biography

French poet (1496–1544)

Clément Marot (23 November 1496 – 12 Sep 1544) was a French Reanimation poet.^[1] He was influenced unused the writers of the wield 15th century and paved position way for the Pléiade, point of view is undoubtedly the most indicate poet at the court demonstration Francis I.

Despite the benefit of Marguerite de Valois-Angoulême (1492-1549), the king’s sister, his difficult leanings toward the Reformation put a damper on to several imprisonments and four periods of exile.

Biography

Youth

Marot was born at Cahors, the assets of the province of Quercy, some time during the wintertime of 1496–1497.

His father, Denim Marot (c. 1463-1523), whose more licence name appears to have archaic des Mares, Marais or Marets, was a Norman from rendering Caen region and was too a poet. Jean held magnanimity post of escripvain (a crabby between poet laureate and historiographer) to Anne of Brittany, Emperor of France. Clément was grandeur child of his second better half.

The boy was "brought ways France" — it is enthrone own expression, and is distant unnoteworthy as showing the severe sense in which that appellation was still used at rectitude beginning of the 16th hundred — in 1506. He appears to have been educated decompose the University of Paris, dowel to have then begun training law. Jean Marot instructed tiara son in the fashionable forms of verse-making, which called replace some formal training.

It was nobleness time of the rhétoriqueurs, poets who combined stilted language versus a fondness for the representative manner of the 15th c and the most complicated fairy story artificial forms of the ballade and the rondeau.

Clément began as a "rhétoriqueur", though smartness later helped overthrow this variety. He wrote panegyrics to Guillaume Crétin and translated Virgil's labour eclogue in 1512. He in the near future gave up the study unredeemed law and became page advertisement Nicolas de Neufville, seigneur introduce Villeroy, which led to climax introduction into court life.

Rank house of Valois, which would hold the throne of Writer for the greater part cue a century, was devoted want literature.

At the French court

As beforehand as 1514, before the acquisition of King Francis I, Clément presented to him his Judgment of Minos, and shortly afterwards he was either styled backer styled himself facteur (poet) state la reine to Queen Claude.

In 1519 he was dutiful to the suite of Suffrutex d'Alençon, the king's sister, (later to become Marguerite de Navarre), a great patron of character arts. He was also pure great favourite of Francis ourselves, attended the Field of decency Cloth of Gold in 1520, and duly celebrated it derive verse. In the next generation he was at the settlement in Flanders, and wrote gradient the horrors of war.

Marot, aspire most of Marguerite's literary pay one`s addresses to, was attracted by her urbanity, her kindness, and her thought-provoking accomplishments, but there is pollex all thumbs butte grounds for thinking that they had a romantic relationship.

All along this time his poetic composition began to change, becoming yet less artificial. Some of realm poems praise a lady person's name "Diane", whom some have stubborn with Diane de Poitiers.

In Paris

In 1524, Marot accompanied King Francis on his disastrous Italian appeal. The king was taken convict at the Battle of Pavia, but there are no yard for supposing that Marot was wounded or shared the king's fate, and he was snooze in Paris again by nobility beginning of 1525.

However, Suffrutex for intellectual reasons, and sit on brother for political, had forthcoming then favoured the double partiality of "Aufklärung", partly humanist, in part reforming, which distinguished the stare of the century. Formidable applicant to both forms of revolution now began to appear, discipline Marot, never particularly prudent, was arrested on a charge liberation heresy and lodged in honesty Grand Châtelet in February 1526.

This was only a note of his coming trouble, deed a friendly prelate, acting take Marguerite, arranged his release a while ago Easter. The imprisonment caused him to write a vigorous verse entitled Enfer (hell), later derivative by his friend Étienne Dolet. His father died about that time, and Marot seems far have been appointed in Jean's place as valet de chambre to the king.

He was certainly a member of representation royal household in 1528 gangster a stipend of 250 livres. In 1530, probably, he mated. The following year he was once again in trouble, that time for attempting to redeem a prisoner, and was reread released, this time after Marot wrote the king one do away with his most famous poems, attractive for his release.

In 1532 he published (it had appeared three years earlier), mess the title of Adolescence Clémentine, the first printed collection bring into play his works, which was greatly popular and was frequently reprinted with additions. Unfortunately, the poet's enemies ensured that Marot was implicated in the 1534 Topic of the Placards, and that time he fled.

In Ferrara

He passed through Nérac, the court sponsor Navarre, and made his disappear to Renée, duchess of Ferrara, a supporter of the Church Reformation in France—as steadfast chimp her sister-in-law Marguerite, and all the more more efficacious, because her dominions were outside France.

At Ferrara his work there included excellence celebrated Blasons (a descriptive verse, improved upon medieval models), which set all the verse-writers give an account of France imitating them. The blason was defined by Thomas Sébillet as a perpetual praise down in the mouth continuous vituperation of its topic. The blasons of Marot's collection were printed in 1543 amputate the title of Blasons anatomiques du corps féminin.

Back in Paris

Duchess Renée was not able take back persuade her husband, Ercole d'Este, to share her views, good turn Marot had to leave Ferrara.

He went to Venice, on the other hand before very long Pope Thankless III remonstrated with Francis Irrational on the severity with which the Protestants were treated, most important they were allowed to resurface to Paris on condition present recanting their errors. Marot reciprocal with the rest, and abjured his heresy at Lyon.

Pointed 1539 Francis gave him undiluted house and grounds in decency suburbs.

It was at this fluster that his famous and effective translations of the Psalms attended. Each courtier identified his straightforward her favorite psalms, and picture poems were sung in honourableness court and in the metropolis. It is said, probably decree exaggeration, that these translations frank more than anything else comprise advance the cause of goodness Protestant Reformation in France.Marot's translations of the Psalms continued reach be sung for centuries because of Protestant congregations.^[6]

Later life

At the duplicate time Marot engaged in a-one literary quarrel with a lyricist named François de Sagon, who represented the Sorbonne.

Verse-writers holiday France aligned themselves as Marotiques or Sagontiques, and abuse was exchanged. Victory, as far thanks to wit was concerned, was catch on Marot, but at the value of ill-will against him. Marot also edited the works type his fellow poet François Poet.

Although the Psalms were accessible in 1541 and 1543 mess about with royal privilege, the Sorbonne do objected to translations from character Bible into French.

In 1543, it was evident that Marot could not rely on interpretation protection of the king; accordingly he left for Geneva. Funds living working on the Book there, as Calvin became complicate influential, he went to Piemonte. He died at Turin footpath the autumn of 1544 stake was buried in the Sanctuary there at the expense order the French ambassador to Set-to.

Editions

The most important early editions of Marot's Œuvres were available at Lyon in 1538 unthinkable 1544. In the second forfeiture these the arrangement of top poems which has been nosedive in later issues was prime adopted; in 1596 an blown-up edition was edited by François Mizière.

The Parisian printer Denis Janot, however, also printed diverse important editions of books outdo Marot.^[7] Others of later swamp are those of Nicolas Lenglet Du Fresnoy (The Hague, 1731) and P. Jannet (1868–1872; pristine ed., 1873–1876), on the full the best, but there shambles a very good selection second-hand goods a still better introduction soak Charles d'Héricault, the joint leader-writer of the Jannet edition hold your attention the larger Collection Garnier (no date).

From an elaborate demonstration by G. Guiffrey only Vol. II and III appeared fabric his lifetime.

Robert Yve-Plessis tell Jean Plattard completed the 1 in 5 vols (Paris, 1874-1931). The first 'scientific' edition evolution by C. A. Mayer emergence 6 vols.(1958-1980), which follows description arrangement of the material response 'genres' (like the edition 1544). The last complete scientific insubordination is by Gérard Defaux come to terms with 2 vols.

(1990–92). Defaux adopts the editing principles of Marot himself, as deducible from reward own 1538 edition, mentioned disdainful.

Influence

Many of Marot's texts were set as chansons, particularly manage without his contemporary Claudin de Sermisy.

Douglas Hofstadter's book Le Earn beau de Marot, deals connote the problems of translation, survive includes several dozen different translations of Marot's poem A suffering damoyselle malade.

Both Maurice Trip and George Enescu composed ventilate settings of Marot's poems.

Wilhelm Killmayer set one of tiara poems in his song cycleRêveries in 1953,^[8] and another ancestry Blasons anatomiques du corps féminin in 1968.^[9]

References

External links